Decolonization – Congo

wherefore was process of decolonization peaceful in some countries and violent in others? (Before Independence) Brief historical background of colonization? (Historical Context) * What ignited calls for independence from colonial rule in __________ (your plain)? A Elections were held in rural argonas(small cities) for reform and democratisation of local g overnment. 1958 was a year of vigorous political questionion at issues of society in Belgian Congo. The whole turning point of their protagonism for independence was during January 4-6 in 1959. In January 4, a riot broke expose in Leopoldville due to the fact that an Abako meeting had been banned.This abrupt dis fix for 2 days as European shops were broken and burned with over 40 people kil guide. The administration had political concession message that Belgium handed over independence to Congo. On January 13, the administration released a statement that they would slowly veer into independence. The nationalist urged the c olonial government to have an early designation for independence. From this statement, issues somewhat the independence of Congo sprang briskly. Political parties made considerable promises that were illogical in order to gain favor of the people.Some parties requested for a faster date while others thought of holding the situation slowly. The government slowly began to retire control of rural areas. The government feared of catastrophe, decided to decolonize as quick as possible. The Congolese leaders aimed for a five-year transition to independence exactly the Belgians enforced that the date of independence would be of 30 June 1960. According to The do of Modern Africa, The first-class honours degree national elections held in May was looked as a disaster. afterwards(prenominal) the end of World War 2, the Congo was able to enter in political issues. What methods did the nationalists use to get independence? To what extent were these methods good? How did the colonia l nation respond to the effort of the nationalists? A Patrice Lumumba launched THE FIRST comprehensive POLITICAL PARTY, the Congo National Movement in 1958. They caused outrages in order to erupt instability to the country. Huge riots were caused by the hunger for independence by the people of Congo. The Belgian authorities prohibited a political/ pagan party named ABAKO which was slowly gaining power in the lower part of Congo.This led to riots for a span of three days and the Belgian government announced that they would put more Congolese into the government (for moderate nationalists) at a small scale in hopes of satisfying the demands. (Made a promise of eventual(prenominal) independence to extreme nationalists). But suddenly there was a boot of political activity. The nationalists demand soon grew as liter political parties were registered competing and Belgian Congo was beyond control of the Belgian administration. * When did _________ (your country) achieve independence? W ho ended up in power? Transition) A The body politic of Congo achieved independence on June 30, 1960. From January 18-27, 1960, an event sleep togethern as the The round-table conference Conference was held in Brussels. Different Congolese parties attended the meeting to discuss the transition into independence. There were two pivotal leaders, Joseph Kasa-Vubu as chair mortal and Patrice Lumumba as Prime Minister. To what extent were problems facing newly independent countries a legacy of colonial rule? * What was the condition of the country upon independence? (Identify problems) A sexual climax from colonial rule, the Congolese had minimal knowledge to manage a huge country.Tribal leaders had more power than the government, which led them to have an unstable state. After the departure of the Belgium administration, there were barely any bureaucrats left in the country. The first Congolese graduate ever was only in 1956. The country was at a very unstable state with the power mostly to individualistic tribes separated from other tribes as well. (No unity) * Were the problems a result of the colonial rulers? (Was it the soil of the colonial power? ) A The Belgians considered Congo as a electric razor meaning that both countries acted as a parent and child relationship.This is called paternalism. The Belgians generally supervised Congo and the Congo had no part in legislation. The Congolese only collected tax from the citizens. How could a child start operative if he/she hasnt had any education. This was the kind of situation in surrounded by Belgium and Congo. What ways did the Cold War complicate the process ofdecolonization and/or post-independence? * Did ideology or the US/USSR conflict play a eccentric in the process to achieve independence OR create problems for countries after they achieved independence? (If so, how significant? A The Congo Crisis was a period of upset from 1960 1966. The Katanga province threatened to leave Congo because the Belgians were interested in concern and there were over 6000 Belgian troops with most of the European universe under the leadership of Moise Tshombe. The province was declared as the State of Katanga in July 11 1960. Patrice Lumumba went to Soviet Union for troops to enforce the Katanga province. Feeling afraid, President Kasa-Vubu requested help from the United States that turns this into a proxy war as well. The US saw this attempt to spread their ideology in sub-Saharan Africa.The U. S. therefore wanted to change the leader in The Republic of Congo. Its kind of odd how Patrice Lumumba, the prime minister and President Kasa-Vubu who were both in the same parties already had arguments as soon as Congo gained their independence. line Evaluation http//www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/59224/Belgian-Congo First and foremost, this website is trustworthy due to their long bill of releasing books with accurate facts. This huge company consists of about 100 editors and 4,4000 co ntributors who are professors, being an expert at their respective subjects.It is also regarded as angiotensin converting enzyme of the most academic encyclopedias of the English language. It has also received numerous awards meaning its value is high. This is a secondary source, which obtained sources from contributors and re-word. The purpose of this article is simply to assure every wholeness without any intent to persuade or convince a person as the audience is not targeted as well. The limitations in this article is unclear, flood tide from a website from an anonymous author without his nationality is hard to determine whether this article I slanted or not.But this website is trustworthy enough not to input biased opinions. A historian would use this comfortably because Britannica is one of the most touristed websites used by millions of people. Belgian Congo (historical Region, Africa). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n. d. Web. 01 Nov. 2012. . theme List Africa Belgian Colonies HISTORY OF BELGIAN COLONIZATION, THE ADMINISTRATION OF CONGO BY THE BELGIANS (1908-1960). Africa Belgian Colonies. N. p. n. d. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. . Belgian Congo (historical Region, Africa). Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n. d. Web. 01 Nov. 2012. . Belgian Congo. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Feb. 2012. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. . Congo Crisis. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 May 2012. Web. 01 Nov. 2012. . Decolonization of Africa. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Oct. 2012. Web. 29 Oct. 2012. . Encyclop? dia Britannica. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 May 2012. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. . As a class, we will be holding a seminar to discuss the questions above. In order to discuss these questions, you need to know how the process of decolonization worked in specific countries.As a group, choose one of the countries from the following list and begin research into the independence, decolonization, and colonial lega cy of that country you can also suggest another country if you have a specific interest Algeria, Angola-Mozambique, Congo, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam. If youre unsure where to start your research, consider some of these things colonial history (who, what, when, why), the process of independence, problems faced by the new nation, case of government, reaction of the population to independence and the new nation.