Using bones, teeth and joints for reconstructing activity in past human

During an individuals lifetime the activities they involve themselves in impact on their some bodily tissues. Markers for these activities are go away in the beats, phrases and dentition which is useful for anthropologists as only skeletal material is left in the case of most ancient populations. Subsequently much look has been undertaken in this area with varying levels of validity.In this essay I seek to develop what information can be reliably gathered from skeletal material, it go out focus on bone density and muscle attachments associated with heavy workloads, joint wear caused by repeated processes such as grinding grain, degenerative joint disease and tooth wear associated with tool use. To aid this discussion I will peak the activity changes involved in the transition between a hunter-gatherer modus vivendi and a sedentary agricultural lifestyle. I will also think the strengths and weaknesses of this type of reconstructory speculation, arguing that unless the aforem entioned markers are assessed in a non-subjective, quantifiable way the findings are not comparable to others displaying similar markers. It has been well record that according to Wolffs law, bone is constantly remodeling. Wolffs law states that bones within an animal will remodel due to the centering it is placed under. If stress on particular bones increase, bones will remodel oer time becoming stronger, laying down bone tissue with high levels of mineralisation. The opposite of this is also true, if the stress on a bone decreases, the bone will become weaker (Wolff, 1986). This correlates with the findings of Stock who reasons that human skeletal robusticity is influenced by many factors, habitual behaviour being the most important (Stock, 2006). ... ...n the Georgia Coast. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 64,125-136.Shackelford L.L., 2007. Regional Variation in the Postcranial Robusticity of Late stop number Paleolithic Humans. American Journal of Physical Anthrop ology 133, 655668Stock T. J., 2006. Hunter-Gatherer Postcranial Robusticity Relative toPatterns of Mobility, climatic Adaptation, and Selection for Tissue Economy. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 131, 194-204.Teaford M., 2005. dental consonant Microwear and Dental Function Evolutionary Anthropology Issues, immatures, and Reviews 3, 17 - 30Valdes A.M., Spector T.D., 2008. The contribution of genes to osteoarthritis. Rheumatic Diease Clininics of northwestern America 34, 581603.White T., 2000. Human Osteology. Academic Press, London.Wolff J., 1986 The Law of Bone Remodeling. Springer, New York (translation of the German 1892 edition)